Zimbabwe





Zimbabwe is an english speaking country because of the British colonists who made english the official language. Zimbabwe is a country that lies in South-central Africa. The countyr bordes to Zambia in the north, South-Africa in the south, Mozambique in the east and Botswana in the west. The Shona tribe is aproxomatly 75% of te population, the Ndebele is aprox. 18% and the Europeans is aprox. 2% of the population. 50% of the population has a part christian and part indigenous belief. Chirstian belief is 25% and native and others are 25%.



__**History**__ The country was called Rhodesia from 1965-80, before that it was called South-Rhodesia. The name of the country comes from «Zimba Remabwe» whitch means «big house of stone» in the shona language. There have been discoverys of early humans, that dates back 500 000 years. The ruins bear witness of a high culture that dissoved and dissapeared in the 16th century when potugise men came and destroyed the old empiers trade. They started many wars that left the empire weakend. Before that the land had been under the fist major civilasation, Mwenc Mutapa. Then many Shona sates formed the Rozwi empire that covered more than half of what is Zimbabwe today. In the next centuries Zimbabwe was a country in peace and prosperety. This was the best period in in the countries history as we know it today. After the portugise was forced out, the land was controlled by the Rozwi. The missonaries came in the 1850s. There came so many foreigners that they made a terretory called Rhodesia. The Rozwi empire ended and a treaty with with the British South Company in 1888 was made. They were supposed to mine gold under Ndebele rule. Instead the immigrants started a war against ndebele in 1893. In 1923 the europeans voted on becoming a self governing colony, this they did to preserve white rule. They were in a brief federation with Northen Rhodesia,which is now Zambia and Malawi after world war 2. The colony had a theoretically non-racial constitution, but most blacks were cut of from voting. Rhodesia chose to stay as a colony when Zambia and Malawi voted for independence in 1963. The colony kept supressing black Africans rights. Theire economy have traditionaly been divided in two: The white part where africans worked in the whites idustry and on their farms and the black part where the natives worked on their own poor farms to survive. This system workes today despite the liberation. The industry is after African measures very well developed. The main export is tobac, abest, gold and cobber. Farm products are mainly corn, tobac, cotton, tea, sugarcanes and cattle. The conservative white-minorety governmentof Rhodesia became independent from Britan on Nov.11 1965. Britain and the UN refused to accept the deklaration of independence. Ian Smith, the Prime Minister, stood against sanctions guerilla attacks to keep the white people in charge. In 1970 it became a republic. Rhodesia became a self declared republic. Smiths resistance started to fail when the guerilla became stronger and the South African military left in 1976.The black nationalist movement were led by bishop Abel Muzorewa, Ndabaningi Shitole and the guerilla leaders Robert Mugabe and Joshua Nkomo. In 1979 there was a truce and a governor was put in charge in a transitional period.

Zimbabwe has adopted some English habits. One is that most people want porridge in the morning, and midday tea. They will have lunch and afterwards they have 4 o`clock tea that is served before dinner. Football is the most popular sport, but they also have rugby and cricket.
 * __Habits and sports__**

__**Harare**__

Harare is the capital of Zimbabwe. It's also Zimbabwes largest city. It's a centre for tobacco, maize, cotton, and citrus fruits. It has 1.4 million citizens. It was founded in 1890, and it were the capital for //Rhodesia// and //Nyasaland// in the period 1953-1963. When Zimbabwe was approved as independent in 1980, the city switched name from Salisbury to Harare.

__**Victoria Falls**__

It`s one of the most fantastic and beautiful wonders in this world. The Victoria falls is the largest falls in the world, its`s 1708 m wide. It`s preserved in it`s natural state. It hight is between 90m and 107m into the Zambi Gorge. About 550,000 cubic metres of water goes down every minute. The people call it «Mosioa-Tunya». Upstreem there lives hippo and crocodiles. It still overwhelmes people as it did David Livingstone in the 1860`s. The area is a National Park and has been declared a World Heritage Site, to protect the area from to mutch commercialisation. After the rain season, from february onwards The Falls are on it`s most spectacular. You can do a lot of thigs there. The «Flight of Angels» is a trip where you can can get a magnificent wiew of the Falls. There is rafting below the falls that is very popular. People can also canoe, kayak, fish, go on guided safaris and you can eat on Livingstone`s island.




 * __Robert Mugabe__**

Robert Gabriel Mugabe has been the president of Zimbabwe since 1980, first as a prime minister, but later as president. He took part in establishing the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) in 1963. In 1964 Mugabe was judged for «a hostile speech against the state» and spent 10 years in prison.

He lead guerrillawar against Ian Smiths apartheidcomittee in Rhodesia. The liberationwar went on in the period 1964-1979.

Particular since the late 90's, Mugabes system of government has lead to – that Zimbabwe went from being one of Africas most prosperous and promising country to a more authoritarian management, economic crises and large unemployment.

-The school system -The government -Habits -Sports
 * __Similarities between Britain and Zimbabwe:__**

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Sources: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/zi.html http://www.caplex.no/web/ArticleView.aspx?id=9341211 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5479.htm http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108169.html http://www.places.co.za/html/harare.html http://www.places.co.za/html/vicfalls.html